Break through the bottleneck of deep sea power technology

Independent deep-sea exploration equipment development has become a major national strategic needs, high-energy density of deep-sea power technology is to limit the potential of deep submersible bottlenecks, the current capacity to withstand 100MPa pressure deep sea power technology only Japan to master. In recent years, China in the field of deep-sea power battery has achieved remarkable results. Among them, the “15” during the domestic development of the oil-filled pressure-resistant silver-zinc battery technology, and in the submersible “dragon” manned submersible to be applied, diving depth of 7,000 meters, life time of 6 hours. However, the silver-zinc battery has a low energy density (less than 60Wh / kg) and a shorter service life (50 times), so it can not meet the application requirements of 11,000 meters long sea-wide capacity.

Fill in the blank! “Made in Qingdao” solid-state lithium battery to complete the application of thousands of sea test demonstration

Compared with the silver and zinc batteries, lithium-ion battery in the energy density and safety and other aspects showed a clear advantage, commercial monomer energy density is currently up to 180Wh / kg. However, the use of organic electrolyte lithium-ion battery, when overcharging or internal short circuit and other abnormalities, the volatile flammable organic electrolyte may lead to thermal runaway, in the 3000 meters below the sea this problem is more prominent, explosion The probability of a security event increases. The use of solid electrolyte instead of liquid electrolyte, can make the battery energy density of 400Wh / kg, is more than 2 times the commercial lithium-ion battery, silver zinc battery more than 6 times, while effectively overcome the heat out of control and other security risks to meet the potential Long life, high security requirements, for the deep sea space station and deep sea robot to provide adequate energy power.

With the support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research and development team headed by Cui Guanglei, a national outstanding youth fund researcher of the Institute of Bioenergy and Processes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been focused on the innovation of traditional polyethylene oxide (PEO) Ion conductivity is low and the potential window is narrow. The multi-scale scientific problem of ion transport mechanism and pressure coupling is studied deeply from the structure-activity relationship of the molecular structure of the electrolyte and the ionic conductivity. The innovation and development of the comprehensive performance of the ” And the solid-state electrolyte of solid-state lithium battery was analyzed systematically. The thermo-electro-stress multi-physics coupling factor of solid-state lithium battery was analyzed and the cross-scale correlation theory of solid-state battery was developed. On the basis of innovation, Modified technology and interface in situ repair technology; in the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of deep sea science and engineering with the strong support of the “land” and “sea” strong combination of deep sea solid state lithium battery module, system integration and other key engineering and technical issues, developed High – energy high – energy solid – state lithium battery power system.

The system has a high security, long life, the whole sea and other characteristics, is the ideal long power submarine power. The team developed the first generation of large-capacity solid-state polymer lithium secondary battery (green-Ⅰ) with ternary materials and metal lithium as positive and negative, the third party authority to detect energy density of more than 250Wh / kg, 500 times the cycle capacity To maintain more than 80%, in a number of acupuncture and extrusion and other harsh test conditions to maintain a very good safety performance. Up to now, Qingdao Energy Institute Cui Guanglei team developed solid lithium secondary battery (green capable-Ⅱ) technology breakthrough, energy density has been up to 300Wh / kg, is the commercial lithium-ion battery 2 times, silver zinc battery 5 Times

January 15, 2017 to March 23, Qingdao Energy developed by the solid-state battery system (green-Ⅰ) with the Chinese Academy of Sciences deep-sea expedition expedition team went to the Mariana Trench (expedition flight TS03), as “million Spring “lander control system and CCD sensor to provide energy, the cumulative completion of 9 dive, the depth is greater than 7,000 meters, of which 6 more than 10,000 meters, the maximum working depth of 10901 meters, accumulated underwater working time 134 hours, the largest continuous operation Time for 20 hours, the successful completion of 10,000 meters of all-deep sea demonstration applications, which marks China after Japan, the world’s second successful application of the whole sea deep lithium secondary battery power system of the country, marking the Chinese Academy of Sciences “land and sea integration” breakthrough Full-deep power technology bottlenecks, master the deep sea power system core technology.

 

我固态锂电池完成万米海试

资料图:深海探测器
科技日报青岛 3 月 30 日电 (记者王建高 通讯员孔凤茹 王兴)中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所发布信息称,该所青岛储能院崔光磊团队开发的 ” 青能Ⅰ号 ” 固态锂电池系统随中科院深渊科考队远赴马里亚纳海沟执行 TS03 航次科考任务,为 ” 万泉 ” 号深渊着陆器控制系统及 CCD 传感器提供能源,顺利完成万米全海深示范应用,标志着我国成为继日本之后世界上第二个成功应用全海深锂二次电池动力系统的国家。

此次在马里亚纳海沟执行 TS03 航次任务期间,使用青能所固态锂电池的 ” 万泉 ” 号深渊着陆器累计完成 9 次下潜,深度均大于 7000 米,其中 6 次超过 10000 米,最大工作水深 10901 米,累计水下工作时间 134 小时,最大连续作业时间达 20 小时。这标志着中科院突破了全海深电源技术瓶颈,掌握了全海深电源系统的核心技术。

据了解,高能量密度深海动力电源技术是限制深潜器长续航能力的瓶颈,直接影响国家自主深海探测装备的研制。此前,能够承受 100 兆帕压力的全海深电源技术只有日本掌握。我国虽然发展了充油耐压银锌电池技术,并已在 ” 蛟龙 ” 号载人潜水器上得到应用,但银锌电池的能量密度较低(低于 60 瓦时 / 千克),使用寿命较短(50 次),不能满足 11000 米全海深海域长续航能力领域的应用要求。而现有的能量密度较高的商品化液态锂电池易挥发电解液导致热失控,在 3000 米海深以下有很大安全隐患。

据崔光磊介绍,新研发的大容量固态聚合物锂电池 ” 青能Ⅰ号 ” 经第三方检测,能量密度超过 250 瓦时 / 千克,500 次循环容量保持 80% 以上,在多次针刺和挤压等苛刻测试条件下保持非常好的安全性能,有效克服了液态锂电池容易热失控的安全风险,可满足深潜器长续航、高安全的要求,能够为国家大力发展的深海空间站提供充足的能源动力。

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